Authors have been involved in the reconstruction procedure of three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) by Synapse Vincent based on Artificial Intelligence (AI). The patient was a 62-year-old male, and 3D-CT images showed renal cysts and stones. His clinical problems included high blood pressure, cholelithiasis, alcohol consumption, obesity, liver dysfunction, renal cyst, renal stones, and left renal ureteral obstruction. As the transparent image of 3D-CT reconstruction, the right ureter was traceable, but the left ureter was not. The left kidney shows contrast medium accumulation in the renal calyx, with no urine flow due to the renal stone. Thus, 3D-CT reconstruction would be beneficial.

Delirium is an acute confusional state characterized by inattention, altered level of consciousness, and cognitive dysfunction, whereas dementia is an insidious, chronic, and progressive loss of previously acquired cognitive abilities. The occurrence of delirium is an independent risk factor for subsequent dementia, and conversely, patients with dementia have a significantly higher risk of developing delirium compared to the general population. Although the close relationship between the two is recognized, the specific mechanisms underlying their interaction remain unclear. In daily life and clinical practice, timely assessment of cognitive function and effective intervention in individuals experiencing delirium may potentially slow cognitive decline and even prevent the onset or progression of dementia. This article reviews the research on the correlation between delirium and dementia, exploring ways to mitigate or even reverse further cognitive deterioration in delirious patients.

Hip fractures occur frequently in elderly patients, and there is a broad clinical consensus favoring early surgical intervention. However, hip fracture surgery is often prolonged, and elderly patients commonly present with multiple comorbidities, reduced tolerance to anesthetic agents, diminished metabolic capacity, and delayed postoperative recovery. Inappropriate intraoperative anesthesia methods can therefore increase the risk of postoperative cognitive dysfunction and instability of vital signs, leading to greater financial burden and impaired postoperative quality of life. Consequently, the selection of an appropriate anesthesia method is of significant importance for improving surgical safety and clinical outcomes. Based on these considerations, this article reviews the selection of anesthesia methods for elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery.

Venous air embolism (VAE) is a rare but potentially fatal complication of laparoscopic surgery, particularly in procedures requiring Trendelenburg positioning and pneumoperitoneum. This case report describes the successful resuscitation of a 68-year-old male who developed VAE during laparoscopic resection for recurrent rectal cancer. Ninety-four minutes after the start of surgery, the patient developed acute hypotension, bradycardia, hypoxemia, and a marked decrease in end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO₂). Bedside transthoracic echocardiography revealed abundant gas echoes within all cardiac chambers, confirming the diagnosis of VAE. Immediate management included repositioning to Durant’s position, ventilation with 100% oxygen, intermittent external chest compressions, and vasopressor support. Despite the occurrence of transient ventricular fibrillation, sinus rhythm was restored within minutes, and the patient achieved full recovery without neurological or cardiac sequelae. This case highlights the critical importance of early recognition of VAE through integrated hemodynamic monitoring and echocardiography, and demonstrates the effectiveness of a multimodal resuscitation strategy in achieving favorable clinical outcomes. It also underscores the need for heightened vigilance and well-prepared emergency response protocols during high-risk laparoscopic procedures.