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Larger Relationship Between Diabetes and Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD)
Hiroshi Bando1,2iD*, Hirohisa Urasaki2, Masahiro Bando1, Akiyo Yoshioka1
1Medical Research/Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
2Yoshinogawa Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
Corresponding Author: Hiroshi Bando ORCID iD
Address: Tokushima University /Medical Research, Nakashowa 1-61, Tokushima 770-0943, Japan.
Received date: 23 January 2026; Accepted date: 26 February 2026; Published date: 06 March 2026
Citation: Bando H, Urasaki H, Bando M, Yoshioka A. Larger Relationship Between Diabetes and Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD). Diab Res Open Access. 2026 Mar 06;7(1):01-04.
Copyright © 2026 Bando H, Urasaki H, Bando M, Yoshioka A. This is an open-access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited.
Keywords: Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias, Alzheimer’s Disease, Glucose-Lowering Drug, Advanced Glycation End Products, Odds Ratio
Abbreviations: ADRD: Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias; AD: Alzheimer’s Disease; GLD: Glucose-Lowering Drug; AGEs: Advanced Glycation End Products; OR: Odds Ratio
Abstract
Patients with Alzheimer disease and related dementias (ADRD) tend to develop diabetes more than those without diabetes. Diabetic treatments mainly include DPP4-i, GLP-1RAs, and SGLT2-i. They are reported to decrease neuroinflammation, amyloid beta accumulation, and hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, and to prevent neuronal loss and enhance neurogenesis. Anti-diabetic agents may decrease dementia risk in T2D based on large research data of 4 million individuals. As a result, the odds ratios (OR) for reducing dementia showed SGLT2-i 0.69, GLP-1RA 0.70, DPP4-i 0.86, metformin 0.92, sulfonylurea 1.02, α-GI 1.14, and insulin 1.26. From some studies, GLP-1RAs and SGLT2-i show a similar degree of clinical effect.